Monday- video
War broke out after Caesar's death
Cleopatra was guest in Rome(with Caesarion) for several years as Caesar's guest and won over the Roman people with her beauty and charm
Caesarion was Cleopatra's and Caesar's son and [pass his only biological son
video
Once Octavian and Marc Antony defeated Caesar's killers, they split the Roman Republic in two- Octavian took Rome and Antony tool Egypt
Antony quickly falls in love with Cleopatra huge problem
1. Antony is married to Octavian's sister, Octavia. Octavian not pleased
2. Octavian is concerned that Antony and Cleopatra want to take over Rome
Octavian decided to attack first and defeated ntony and Cleopatra fleet in the Battle of Actinium as stated previously
Augustus and the Roman Empire- 27 bc-14 AD
Octavian took the title "Augustus" which means "exalted one", He would usher in the "Pax Romana" which mean "Roman Peace"
Augustus' Accomplishment
Stablilized the frontier
Glorified Rome with awesome public building-"found Rome brick and left it marble."
Created a system of gevernemt that survived forcenturies
Set up civil service within Rome, paid workers to manage the affairs of government
Tuesday-
Roman Life
Discipline, strength, and loyalty were stressed in ROme
People had gravitas that had these characteristics
90% pf people farmed throughout the empire
Gladiator contests
Gov't put on to appease the poor
Roman Religion
Government and religion were linked
Among the most important Roman gods and goddessess
Video
Wednesday-
Roman gods were very impersonal and practiced with very little emotion
Rome took over the Jewish land of Israel around 63 BC which introduced Christianity to the Roman Empire
Christianity broke off from Judaism and was based on the life and teachings of Jesus as well as his death and resurrection
As Jesus traveled around preaching,many people start to follow him
Why was Christianity Attractive to People?
- Embraced all people-- Men and women, enslaved persons, the poor, and nobles
- Gave hope to the powerless
- Appealed to those who were repelled by the extravagances of imperial Rome
- Offered a personal relationship with a loving God
- Promised eternal life after death
- Paul, an apostle, stressed that Jesus was the son of God who died for people's sins
- An apostle was a Christian teacher or missionary
- He also declared that Christianity should welcome all converts, Jew or Gentile(non-Jew)
Rome persecuted Christians as they did not worship the Roman gods
- Many were crucified, burned or killed by wild animals in the circus arenas
- Roman Emperor Constantine name Christianity one of he Roman Empires religions in 313 AD after winning a battle where he believed the Christian God inverted
- In 380 AD, Roman Emperor Theodosius made Christianity the empire's official religion
The Early Christian (Catholic) Church
- A priest led each small group of Christians in each church
- A Bishop, who was also a priest, supervised several local chiuches
- Eventually, every major city had its own bishop
- The apostle Peter because the first bishop of Rome
- According to tradition, Jesus referred to Peter as the "Rock" on which the Christian Church would be built
Early Christian Issues
- As went on, there were growing disagreements between Christians in regards to beliefs
- The New Testament was added to the Hebrew Old Testament to make the Christian bible which helped unity Christians
- Included the four Gospels(Matthew, Mark, Luke, John) as well as the Epistles(letters) of Paul among other
The Nicene Creed
The Fall of he Roman Empire
- Historians generally agree that the end of the reign of the emperor Marcus Aurelius (161-180)
Three Main Causes for the Fall of Rome
- Internal problems
- Separation of the Roman empire into East and west
- Outside Invasions
Diocletian Splits the Empire- 285 AD
- Diocletian was a strong ruler that brought law and order back to the Empire
- He believed that the empire hed grown too large and too omplex for one ruler
- He divided he empire into two
- Greek-speaking East(Greece, Anatolia,Syria,and Egypt)- Byzantine empire
- Latin-speaking West
Thursday- 2 hr early out Football to dome
- Constantine took control of the western part of the Roman empire in 312 AD and also took control of the eastern part in 324 AD
- United the empire during his reign and moved the capital from Rome to Byzantium(330 AD), changing the name of the city to Constantinople
- Huge walls were built around Constantinople to protect it from barbarians
- After his death, the empire was split
Germanic tribes moved into the Roman Empire due to the Huns moving into their territory around 370 AB
Friday-
- In 370 AD, the Huns moved into Europe from Central Asia and battled the Germanic tribes
- In 444 AD, under Attila, the Huns invaded both parts of the Roman Empire
- The Huns attacked over 70 cities
- Couldn't get past walls of Constantinople
The legacy of Rome
The Latin language
The basis of many future languages- French, Spanish, Portuguese, Italian, and Romanian
Many English works have their root in Latin
Important Roman Laws that Impacted US
- All persons had the right to equal treatment under the law
- A person was considered innocent until proven guilty
- The burden of proof rested with the accuser rather than the accused
- A person should be punished only for actions, not thoughts
- Any law that seemed unreasonable or grossly unfair could be set aside
- Roman law served as a basis for the law of many European countries in the future as well as the United State
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