Islam grows
New leader After Muhammad died they were split and didn't know who to pick they choose Abu-Bakr to become the first caliph meaning successor.
Not everyone liked new leader lots of people stopped being Islams
others didn't pay taxes and some individuals declared themselves prophets.
Attempts to resolve issues
Abu declared a Jihad which has two meanings
1. An inner struggle
2. An armed struggle against non-believers
During this time the Muslim community were expanded under Abu
the next 3 caliphers after Abu expanded into Sassanid and Byzantine empires.
Reasons for success
the two places they took land were fighting each other so there army's were weaker
The Islams were also very organized militarily
The two empires weren't tolerant of any other language so Muslims living there helped out.
Treatment of conquered
Muslims allowed Christians and Jews to practice but could not expand.
They were taxed and were not allowed in the Islamic military
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