12 Tables
- Laws that guaranteed equal treatment of the Romans
The Roman Republic- The Military
- The military was a very important part of making rome into a major power
- All citizens who owned land were required to serve in the military
- Plebeians served in the military as well
- Legions were made up of large groups of about 5,500 of infantry
- There were about 30 legions in the Roman Army
- Legions broke down into ten smaller army groups called cohorts which, in turn, were broken down into six centuries
- A centurion led the century each legion had 59 centurions
- Each legion had a cavalry unit for support
The Legatus and the Aquilifer
Praetorian Guard
- The elite of the Roman army
- Their duty was to protect high ranking officials and eventually became the personal bodyguards of the Roman emperor
- The Guard eventually got involved in overthrowing emperors and naming their replacements
- Constantine the Great desbanded the Guard in 312 AD after defeating them
Punic-Carthage Wars
Punic
- "Punic" comes from the Latin word Poenicus, meaning "an inhabitant of Carthage"
- Carthage was founded by Phoenicians, and Poenicus is the Latin word for "Phoenicians"
- The first Punic War was fought for control of Sicily and the western Mediterrean
- Lasted 23 years--264-241 BCE
- Rome won
- The second Punic War was started by Carthage to get revenge from the previous loss
- Lasted 16 years--218-202 BCE
- Rome won
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