monday-
Causes
- Cubans and Filipinos against Spanish rule
- Cubans fighting for independence
- Fought ten years war
- Many Americans supported Cubans
Jose Marti
- Cuba’s national hero
- Aster of societal change
- Maser of preparations for revolution
- Master for Cubans, was their teacher
Yellow journalism
- Given too much credit in the US’s involvement
- Not a primary reason
- Argued party responsible. American public’s support
- William Randolph heart – new your journal
- Joseph Pulitzer – New York world
- Most influential report was USS Maine
- No evidence, ran headline “destruction of war ship Maine was the work of an enemy”
- Major newspaper in county ran headlines, lack of evidence
- Promoted Cuban independence, influenced citizen’s emotions
Major battles
- April 21 1898 – august 13 1898
- Philippines
- Cuba
- Puerto Rico
- Guam
- Navy
Battle os san Juan hill
- July 1 , 1898
- Santiago, Cuba
- Deaths – 144 vs 114
- Final battle
- Theodore Roosevelt – rough riders
Battle of kettle hill
- July 1st, 1898
- Deaths – 35 vs 58
- Same battle as san Juan hill
- Buffalo soldiers
Battle of Guantanamo bay
- June 6 – 10, 1898
- US marines
- Sympathy
- 5 weeks
- Admiral Pascual Cervera
- Spanish
- Surrender
Battle of Manila Bay
- May 1, 1898
- Philippines
- Weapons and man power – US had more
- Commodore George Dewey – USS Olympia
- Surrender
Results
- America won
Why did they win
- Superior navy
- Soldier supply in Cuba
- US motivation
- The treaty of Paris 1898 – indefinite colonial control of Guam, Puerto Rico, Philippines
Philippine – American war
Major causes – US wouldn’t give Philippines independence
- Spanish American War ended
- The US and Philippines were originally allies
- The US made Cuba independent
- The Philippines thought they would have independence
- Since we couldn’t take over Cuba we took the Philippines
Major Battle
- Battle of Meycauayan bridge – March 26, 1899
- Battle of Manila – February 4-5, 1899
- Second battle of Caloocan – February 22-24, 1889
- Lukban captured in February of 1902
- Malvar captured on April 16, 1902
Major generals
- Theodore Roosevelt
- Emilio Aguinaldo – Pilipino leader
- Jacob Hurd smith – US general
Outcome – advantages and disadvantages
- Advantage – peach treaty
- Disadvantage – rebellions
Boxer rebellions
What was it?
- Society of righteous and harmonious fists
- Called boxers because they did physical exercises that they believed would help them withstand bullets and other attacks
- Uprising in northern China against spread of western and Japanese influence
Who were the boxers?
- Many of the boxers were peasants from the Shandong province
- Struck by natural disasters like floods and famine
- China had given parts of this area to several European nations
How did it start?
- Western powers and japan had forced china’s Qing dynasty to accept foreign control over the country’s economic affairs
- Boxers blamed their poor living standards on foreigner
Tuesday-
Test
- Segregation
- Plessey case started segregation
- Brown case ended
- Starting of schooling
- Entertainment
- Progressives
- How did they help farmers, factory workers women, government, Etc.
- Cause/result of Spanish American war
Boxer rebellion (continued)
What happened during it?
- Boxers rebelled by killing foreigners and Chinese Christians
- Destroyed forging property
- Boxers began a siege of Beijing
- Qing empress declared war
- Several hundred foreigners and sever thousand Chinese Christians were killed
- August 14th – 20,000 international troops from 8 nations arrived in Beijing to save foreigners and Chinese Christians
Who won?
- Boxers lost
- Rebellion ended September 7, 1901 with the boxer protocol
Boxer protocol
- Forts protecting Beijing destroyed
- Government officials involved were to be punishes
- Chine was prohibited from importing arms for 2 years
- China agreed to pay more than $330 million to the foreign nations involved for repairs
Open door policy
China at the end of the 19th century
- Not viewed as a major power
- Imperial nations wanted to split up china
- Sphere of influence
- Claimed extraterritorial rights
- The US had no influence on china
The policy
- William McKinley wanted “open door”
- Policy said that china should not be carved up
Impact
- Equal trade of all imperial nations
- Minimized the power of these nations
- Helped American businesses with foreign trade
- Saved china as a country
- If the imperial nations carve up china, the US would most likely be excluded from future commercial activities
Viewpoints
- For Chinese – saved their country, not taken over
- American wanted to have an influence in the country
- The imperial nations were fine with the policy if they had some influence in China.
wednesday, thursday, friday - no school
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