11/14/12

[4thJoey]

•  transmit their beliefs of Islam throughout the world
  After the decline of Muslim rule, Islam spread to land outside of its boundaries 
  in the 10th century Islam spread throughout three continents 
  Abu Bakr took over after Muhammad died
• Islam 1200 AD 
  Muslim general Salah al-Kin al-Ayyubi in Egypt, ended the Christian crusades 
  Muslim control of Spain was reduced to the Kingdom of Granada 
  
• Trading (8th-14th century):
• Water Routes and Land:
  trade between the Muslim empire and the empires of the Middle East made a peofitable trade network
  The trade was over land sea 
  The routes were to China, India, Byzantine, Northwest Africa, Egypt and a lot more
  Also includes the Silk Roads
• What were traded:
  sugar
  silk
  silver
  gold 
  topaz
  salt for gold
• Banks systems:
  Islamic banking that is consistent with the Sharia law and its practical application through the development of Islamic economics
• Sakks:
  Islamic financial bond
  $1.34 trillion of assets are being managed according to Islamic investment principles
• Currency:
  the gold dinar is a gold coin first issued in 696-7 AD by Caliph Abd al-Malik ibn Marwan]
• Who they traded with:
  traded with countries in the Middle East a lot
  They had trade routes to China, India, and even as far as Egypt
  
• 8th-14th century Literature
• Shahnameh:
  long epic poem written by the Persian poet Ferdowsi and written between 977 and 1010 AD
• Famous books
  book of One Thousand and One Nights:
  widely known worldwide as Nights of Arabia
• Morals and Message:
  Al-Kindi's was a philosopher that emphasized the importance of freedom from the world and human beings and that we are responsible for our own happiness
  One Thousand and One Nights revolved around strong female heroines
  
• Al Khawarizmi:
  he was born in a Persian family and his birthplace is given as Charisma
• Contributions:
  mathematics: geography, astronomy. These were all basis for innovation in Alg and Trigonometry
• Astronomy:
  He made the astronomical tables of sin and hind
  tables consist of about 37 chapters on calendic and astronomical calculations and 116 tables of calendric astronomical and astrological data
• Trigonomerty:
  the sin hind also contained tables for the trigonometric functions of shines and cosine 
• Geography:
  3rd major work is his book on the appearance of the Earth 
  book finished in 833 AD
• Al-jabr:
  Has 3 meanings- use of letters and symbols to represent values 
  Structures meaning linear 
  A major branch of math witch studies relation and operations