Muslim Empire Literature
- the book of one thousand and one nights
- west and south asian stories and folktales
- arabian nights
- tales: ancient and medieval times
- arabic, persian, egyptian, and mesopotamian folklore
- shows the growing of the urban islamic culture through variety and complexity
- begins with corruption and ends with redemption
- about a persian king and his new bride
- discovers his brothers wife is unfaithful
- also discovers his own wife's secret is even more revealed
- he executed her and thought all women were the same
- the king, Shahryar, began to marry a lot of virgins then executed them before they could become dishonest
- the last woman kipt telling him stories and wouldn't finish the stories the night of her execution, so the king postphoned her execution date so she could finish
- it lasted for 1,001 nights
- Authors
- Hanan Al-Shaykh wrote the book of one thousand and one nights
- Shahnameh Ferdowsi was a poet
- he was considered to be one of the greatest poets
- he wrote the Shahnameh, a set of epic poems, long and narrative
- the poems were written in persian
- Zakariya Al-Razi also wrote Kitab al-mansuri fi al-tibb (the book of medicine for mansur)
- he was also a philosopher during the 8th century
- he was one of Muhammad's companions
- Sahih Al-Bukhari wrote Hadiths
- hadiths were collections of recorded words and actions of muhammad
- included muhammad's behavior, sayings, and teachings
- Genres
- Poetry
- they rhymed most of the time
- for centuries it used traditional, rigid, and distinctive form in a highly stylized way
- novels, short stories, and dramas didn't show up in the islamic world until the modern period
- head genre was the maqamah
- the qasida was developed by pre-islamic Arabh
- Ghazel
- love lyrics from 5 to 12 verses
- Qitah
- Masnavi
- Roba'i
- Maqamah
- Poetry
- morals and messages
- believed in worshipping their one god allah
- golden rule of the Qur'an: treat others the way you want to be treated
- muslims participate in ramadan which is held the same month the Qur'an came out
- muslims are to obey allah and the prophet muhammad's words
- their morals were to do good deeds for the community, nature, and other people
- they must perform religious rituals
Muslim Empire
- Al-Khwarizmi
- he was born in Baghdad, iraq. he was a mathematician and astronomer who invented the hindu-arabic numerals and the concepts of algebra. he lived in baghdad under the caliph of Al-Ma'mum
- Ibn Al-Haytham-father of optics
- born in basra iraq 965
- made great contributions to science
- named the physicist in medieval europe
- most famous work was Kitab al-Manazir (book of optics)
- seven volume book on the experiments that Ibn performed on the theories of optics
- Astronomy
- named a large amount of stars
- aldebaran
- altair
- muslims pray before daybreak and before dawn-predict planetary positions and eclipses
- named a large amount of stars
- Al-jabr
- means algebra. it regers to the process of moving a subtracted quantity to the other side of an equation. if you looked at al-jabr's book it would look nothing lik the algebra we do today.
- optics
- invention of the camera
- alhazen created system for adding the first natural 100 numbers
- he introduced motion and transformed into geometry
- his work greatly influenced many persian geometers later on
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