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[4thSHELBYp!]

Muslim Empire Literature• The Book of One Thousand and One Nightso West and south Asian stories and folktaleso Arabian nightso Tales: Ancient and Medieval times Arabic, Persian, Egyptian, and Mesopotamian folkloreo Shows the growing of the urban Islamic culture through variety and complexityo Begins with corruption and ends with redemption• Plotline: Persian King and his new bride. Discovers his brother’s wife is unfaithful so things all women are the same. The king starts marrying a lot of virgins then kills them the next morning before they can become dishonest. Last women was telling him a story and he kept pushing back her execution so she could finish her story: 1,001 nights\• Authorso Hanan Al-Shaykh wrote the book.o Shahnameh Ferdowsi was a poeto Was considered one of the greatesto Wrote The Shahnameh a set of epic poems, long narrativeo The poems were written in Persiano Abu Bakr Muhammad ibn Zakariya Al-Razi also known as Al-Razi wrote The Book of Medicine for Mansuro Was a philosopher• Sahih Al-Bukhari wrote Hadithso Collections of recorded words and actions of Muhammado Included Muhammad’s behavior sayings and teachings.• Genreso Poetry – rhymed, used traditional rigid and distinctive formo Novels – short stories and dramas. Didn’t show up until the modern period• Head chief genre was the maqamah• Qasida was developed by pre-Islamic Arabho Elaborately structured ode of 20 t0 100 versus• Qitah – less serious• Masnavi – doubled one• Roba’I – 4 line verse• Maqamah – simple and entertaining stories in complicated styles• Morals and Messageso Believed in worshiping Allaho Golden rule: treat others how you want to be treatedo Participate in Ramadan which is held same moth the Qur’an came outo Muslims are to obey Allah and Muhammad’s wordso Morals were to do good deedso Must perform religious ritualsMath and Science• Al-Khwarizmio Born before 780 in Baghdad and died before 850.o Was a mathematician and an astronomer who invented the Hindu-Arabic numerals and concepts of algebra• Ibn Al-Hythamo Father of optics and first scientisto Born in Iraqo Made great contributions to science and named “the physicist” in medieval Europeo Most famous work: Kitab al-Manazier (book of optics)o 7 volume book on experiments conducted about optics• Astronomyo Found huge amount of starso Aldebaran and Altairo Muslims pray before daybreak and before dawn predict planetary positions and eclipses• Al-Jabro Means algebrao Process of moving a subtracted quantity to the other side of an equationo F you looked at the book it would look nothing like the algebra we do todayo Written in proseo None of the symobols we use today