Key terms:* Imperialism- a major power goes out and takes colonies* Militarism- having a strong military to settle disputes* Nationalism- strong patriotism toward your country* Diplomacy- official dealings of other countries* Spheres of Influence- a big country has control over an area* Protectorate- a stronger country would protect a weaker country* Arbitration-settlements between disputes of countriesOld Diplomacy1. Noninterventionist-the US did not intervene in foreign affairs especially Europe's2. Isolationist-the US acted alone in foreign affairs as compared to working with other nations3. Passive and Reactive-the US waited for events to occur and then acted accordingly4. Weak army and navyNew Diplomacy1. Imperialistic-going out and conquering territory to create and empire-Alfred Mahan, Henry Cabot Lodge, Teddy Roosevelt2. Stronger army and navy3. Interventionist - especially in Central and South America-becoming more involved in other countries affairs-Monroe doctrine-warning given to European countries not to mess with Latin American countries, if they did, it could mean war4. Strong Nationalism-having strong pride and confidence in ones countryImperialism and America* imperialism became very common with the major powers of the world* which countries were the most powerful in 1900?-Great Britain-Germany-France-Austria-Hungary-Italy-Russia-United States-Ottoman empire-turkey-JapanWhy did the US and other countries look to imperialism?* brings military power and prestige to your country* Naval bases and refueling stations* money for natural resources as well as opening new markets to sell your goods (trade)* belief in cultural superiority- White man's burden-McKinley: "To take them all and to educate the Filipinos, and uplift and civilize and christianize them."-Taft: We must help our "our little brown brothers" on the PhilippeansCh. 10 - 2 -- The Spanish American war* By 1990, Spain was a dwindling empire-Philippines, Guam, Cuba, Puerto Rico and a few colonies in Africa (Morocco and western Sahara)* The US had been interested in Cuba for a long time-US tried to buy Cuba in 1854* Cubans had been revolting against spain frequently (1868, 1878, 1886, 1895) wanting independence- Newspapers reported the brutality of the Spanish General Weyler- the New York Journal reports "....blood on the roadsides, blood in the villages, blood, blood, blood!"- American newspapers were clearly pushing the nation towards intervention in the Cuban situation.What caused an increase in tension between the US and Spain?1. in 1895 civil war broke out in Cuba between Spain and the Cubans2. the conflict was described by senator Redfield proctor of Vermont as "bloody and brutal"3. newspapers (yellow press-particularly those owned by William Randolph herarst reported the brutality of the Spanish general Weylerthe new york journal reports "...blood on the roadsides, blood in the villages, blood, blood, blood!"American newspapers were clearly pushing the nation towards intervention in the Cuban situationThe Yellow Press* Instigated the war* United the general public to want war with spain* made people feel sorry for the CubansCauses of the Spanish American War* The USS Maine sinking* the yellow press* butcher Weyler and his treatment of Cubans in the concentration camps* The De lome Letter* Jose Marti's destruction of US property in Cuba- making it look as thought Spain didTeller Amendment* Imperialists vs anti-imperialists in US* agreement that we would not take it overFronts in the Spanish American War* Philippines* Cuba* Puerto RicoTreaty of Paris* Brought an official end to the war* Spain gave Cuba independence (kind of)* US got control of the Philippines ($20 million), Guam and Puerto RicoMisc* The US Army was not prepared to fight this war- The Navy Was Excellent!* Roughly 3000 US soldiers died in the war. Only 385 battle deaths- 2500 died due to disease* Lasted April 25 - August 12, 1898* The US became an empire for the first time in our historyPuerto Rico* Claimed by the Spanish Crown in 1493 following Columbus' second voyage to tell Americans* In 1898 after 400 years of colonial rule Puerto Rico was ceded to the US as a result of the Spanish American War* Puerto Ricans were granted US citizenship in 1917* Popularly elected governors have served since 1948* In 1952 a constitution was enacted providing for internal self government* In plebiscites held in 1967, 1993, and 1998, veters chose to retain commonwealth statusCuba* in 1898 spain gave control of cuba to the US with the Treaty of Paris* In 1902,
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