Assigned Blog notes.
Key Topics:
Driving Idea: Describe US Foreign Policy in the late 1800's and early 1900's and be able to give examples.
*Old vs. New Diplomacy-
Old-1783-1800's..
1. Nonintervention- the US did not intervene in foreign affairs especially Europe.
2. Isolationist- the US acted alone in foreign affairs as compared to working with other nations.
3. Passive and Reactive- the US waited for events to occur and the acted accordingly.
4. Weak Army and Navy. George Washington's advice drove this.
New- late 1800'2-1900's (today kind of too)
1. Imperialistic- going out and conquering territory to create an empire, Alfred Mahan, Henry Cabot Lodge, Teddy Roosevelt.
2. Stronger Army and Navy.
3. Interventionist- especially in Central and South America.
4. Strong Nationalism- having strong pride and confidence in one's country.
*Main powers in the late 1800's-
US purchase of Alaska -
William Seward wanted to by Alaska but House of Representatives didn't think it was worth it/waste of money. He wanted it because of minerals, gold, oil, tourism, fishing, and more and then imperialists wanted to get land.
US taking of Hawaii -
Monarchy at the time and the Queen's husband died and proposed a new constitution in the 1893. She wanted to take control. Sugarcane plantations made a lot of money and at first there was no tariffs on the sugar, this was why America wanted Hawaii. Queen did not want blood shed so she gave up her position.
Spanish-American War -
Philippines, Cuba, and Puerto Rico.
Cubans and Spain fought this war with the Americans on the Cubans side. The sinking of USS main is the reason the war started.
-Causes -
The Yellow Press- wrote about war pretty much.
De Lome Letter.
More above the word causes.
Cubans had been revolting against Spain frequently wanting independence. Valeriano Weyler put the Cubans in concentration camps. Instigated the war, United the general public to want war with Spain. Made people feel sorry for the Cubans.
-battles/famous people involved -
Santiago Battle- July 3 in Cuba. We won. 1998.
Teller Amendment- Imperialists vs. anti-imperialists in US. We would not take Cuba, Cuba would get independence.
-Results/Treaty -
Treaty of Paris 1988 control of Guam, Puerto Rico, and Philippines...it gave Cuba independence.
3,000 deaths. A Splendid Little War.
US Control of Puerto Rico -
We raised our 1898 flag over it a year after the fact of independence. We tried to make the like the Americans.
US Control of Cuba -
We would use them for trade. Cuba wanted independence and the Spanish-American war helped them get it. US retained the right to intervene to preserve Cuban independence and stability with the Platt Amendment. The Plat Amendment required Cuba to add to their constitution and could not go into debt with another country.
US Control of Philippines -
Caused by revolutions of manila war was only 3 years long. Anti imperialists made it so we didn't go and kill them and just let them have their Independence. They wanted to Americanize it. Americans won war but we gave them their freedom but yet we controlled everything over their. Philippine-American war broke out after the Filipinos realized that the US would not give them independence. It ended with American control over the islands.
Open Door Policy in China - 1898
McKinley wanted open door for US and China so that we could trade with them on the Chinese Market.
Boxer Rebellion in China -
Chinese people are called boxers so they could fight off people and the Europeans called them this and they were just trying to get their rights and they had to learn to box to fight the Europeans and they killed a bunch of the Europeans. Europeans ended up winning. Any boxers found later got their heads chopped off.
Teddy Roosevelt's Nobel Peace Prize -
My assigned blog #2.
Getting control and building Panama Canal -
Costs-
Death was a major problem in building it. Landslides and other environmental disasters. three hundred seventy million dollars to build it.
Roosevelt Corollary and Monroe Doctrine -
stay out of western hemisphere and if you come over here we will have to deal with them.
Big Stick Diplomacy--"Speak softly and carry a big stick" -
a threat that you'll act on but you don't like war or attacking represents navy. Columbia helping panama and giving us the right to build the right to build the canal with us giving them Independence.
Taft's Dollar Diplomacy -
US pay off debts to Europeans countries to keep Europe out of the area.
Wilson's Missionary Diplomacy -
Very religious and he wanted to get rid of dictatorships. Influenced his foreign policy. US would not recognize nay gov't that was oppressive undemocratic and hostile toward the US. Latin America.
US issues with Mexico -
US took over Mexico port of Veracruz after Huerta arrested some American sailors. War was close until Argentina, Brazil, and Chile stepped in and tried to settle conflict. Carranza becomes president and Huerta is gone and gov't collapses. Wilson recognizes his gov't. Villa was pro-American at first but at soon changed when US got asked to control Mexican mines. Eventually Mexican Army clashed with Pershing's forces. By 1917 both sides backed down.
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