Series of 3 wars
Rome vs. carthage
1st war was over control of sicily
2nd war when Hannibal became general of carthage and he wanted to avenge first defeat Hannibal attempted a sneak attack through the alps to attack and capture rome
3rd war scipio attacked carthage and Hannibal reteated and fought back at native city
Rome defeated carthage in all 3 of the wars
Each war was harder for the romans to win though
War 1-2 rome was on defensive aggressor in the last war
Key players Hannibal C ,
Showed the civilization in the Mediterranean that rome was a dominant force
By 70b.c. rome had conquered a lot of land around the Mediterranean coast
Shortly after their victorys in the punic wars the quick and rapid expansion began to hurt the empire
The land was going to large estate and the small farmers were not making any money and were out f jobs
One of the reasons leading to the civil war
Another civl war broke out because of Caesar death Octavian,mark antony, Lepidus avenged Caesar and became the 2nd triumvirate
Even jealousy here Octavian forced Lepidus to retire his power mark antoney fell in love with Cleopatra and followed her to Egypt
Leaving octavious to be the sole leader
The term given to Octavian meaning exalted one
Rome was at the peak of its power and at peace thoughout augustus rule and even to 180 b.c.
Pax romana-roman peace
Research emperors after Augustus
Augustus-Octavian was a shrewd, brilliant and astute politician. Through cold, hard political calculation he was able to achieve ultimate power in Rome. At the time of Caesar’s assassination, Octavian held no official position. Only after he marched on Rome and forced the senate to name him consul, was he established as a power to be reckoned with
Tiberius- Through his mother Tiberius also enjoyed genealogical connections to prominent Republican houses such as the Servilii Caepiones, the Aemilii Lepidi, and the Livii Drusi. From his birth, then, Tiberius was destined for public life.
Caligula- There are few surviving sources on Caligula's reign, although he is described as a noble and moderate ruler during the first two years of his rule. After this, the sources focus upon his cruelty, extravagance, and sexual perversity, presenting him as an insane tyrant. While the reliability of these sources has increasingly been called into question, it is known that during his brief reign, Caligula worked to increase the unconstrained personal power of the emperor (as opposed to countervailing powers within the principate).
Claudius- Because he was afflicted with a limp and slight deafness due to sickness at a young age, his family ostracized him and excluded him from public office until his consulship, shared with his nephew Caligula in 37. Claudius' infirmity probably saved him from the fate of many other nobles during the purges of Tiberius and Caligula's reigns; potential enemies did not see him as a serious threat. His survival led to his being declared Emperor by the Praetorian Guard after Caligula's assassination, at which point he was the last adult male of his family.
Nero- In 64, most of Rome was destroyed in the Great Fire of Rome, which many Romans believed Nero himself had started in order to clear land for his planned palatial complex, the Domus Aurea. In 68, the rebellion of Vindex in Gaul and later the acclamation of Galba in Hispania drove Nero from the throne. Facing assassination, he committed suicide on 9 June 68 (the first Roman emperor to do so).[3] His death ended the Julio-Claudian Dynasty, sparking a brief period of civil wars known as the Year of the Four Emperors. Nero's rule is often associated with tyranny and extravagance.[4] He is known for many executions, including those of his mother[5] and the probable murder by poison of his stepbrother
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