Rome
- Geography
- Built on 7 rolling hills around the Tiber river
- Half way between the alps and the southern tip
- The early years
- From 1000 to 500 bc
- Three main groups
- Latins
- Greeks
- 750 to 600 bc established colonies in southern Italy and Sicily
- Became prosperous cities
- Brought all of Italy into closer contact with Greek civilization
- Etruscans
- Native to northern Italy
- Skilled metal workers and engeneers
- Infleuntal in development of civilization
- Romans used their alphabet
- Also adopted some of their archatecture
- Latins built the original cluster of wooden huts on top of one of the hill
- Republic
- form of government in which the the power rests citizens when they vote
- rome vvoters
- free born
- male
- landowners
- classes
- pratricians
- wealthy land owners
- inherited power
- claimed the right due to ancestry
- barred plebians from holding government office
- pratricians
- plebeians
- common person,, still voted, farmers merchants
- officials of rome allowed them to form their own assambly and elect their own leaders to protect their rights from the patrician officials,, called tribunes
- government
- 2 consuls=to president
- Served a 1 year term
- 2 consuls=to president
- Legislative
- Senate
- High social and economic status
- Serve for life
- Advise consuls
- Centuriate assambly
- Soldiers only
- Chose consuls
- Serve for life
- Tribal assembly
- Ordinary ditizens
- Serve for life
- Makes laws
- Senate
- Judicial
- 8 judges
- 1 year term, selected by centuriate
- One to oversee civil
- One to oversee criminal,
- The rest oversee the terrirries
- Legal code
- 12 tables
- List of supreme rules
- Equal to constitution
- Army
- Tons of pride
- All men who held land had to be in it
- Some of the high public offices required 10 years of service
- Organization
- Legions
- 5,000 ppl per
- A group of cavalry supports each one
- Military organization and fighting skill were key factors in romes rise to greatness
- Broken down into centuries (80)
- Legions
- Expansion
- By 4th century bc the romans dominated central Italy
- Had defeated the etruscans to the north
- And the Greek city states to the south
- Treatment of the fallen civilizations
- Latins on the tiber became full citzens
- In the terrorty farther from rome, ppl were citizens, couldn’t vote
- Remaining people became allies of rome
- Research
- Punic wars and Hannibal
- Discuss who faught in the war
- Key players
- Who won the war
- Lasting effects, rome and carthage
punic wars
The Punic wars were the wars between Rome and carthage.
In the beginning carthage was the bigger, big navy
Rome was a rapidly ascending power
War took hundreds of years and cost hundreds of thousands of lives
The punic war is typically divided into three parts
1. mostly a naval war, around sicily and africa
it was a war by proxy between Hiero II of Syracuse and the Mamertines of Messina
rome and carthage each supported a different side with troops and the like
2. hannibil crossed the alps , and defeated the romans in 7 battles.
3. an extended sieg of carthage
who won the war of rome and carthaginians
rome won the war. the romans had a bigger army and more weapons
Lasting effects of the punic war on the romans
-led to the social instability that brought down the Roman republic and led to the rise of the empire
Lasting effects of the punic war on the Carthigans
-carthage spent the years following the war improving its finances and expanding its colonial empire.
Key Players -
Hamilcar Barca - Carthaginian General, father of Hannibal
Hannibal - Carthaginian General who took his armies into Italy. Military genious who incorporated elephants into warfare
Cato - Conservative politician in Rome who advocated the destruction of Carthage. Ended every speech with "And I think Carthage must be destroyed.
King Pyrrhus - The King of Epirus who won a battle but might as well have lost.
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