Rome:
Roman Geography:
-rome was built on 7 rolling hills around the Tiber RIver, near the center of the Italian peninsula
-It is the midway point between the Alps and Italy's southern tip
First Romans:
-from 1000 to 500 B.C, three groups inhabited the region and fought for control of it
-they were Latins,Greeks, and Etruscans
-The Latins built the original settlement at Rome. It was a cluster of wooden huts on top of one of the seven hills
Greek Influence:
-Between 750 B.C and 600 B.C, the greeks established colonies along the southernpart of Italy and Sicily
-The cities became very prosperous and commercially active
-they brought all of Italy, including Rome, into closer contact with Greek civilization
Etruscans:
-They were native to northern Italy
-They were skilled metal workers and engineers
-They were very influential in the development of Roman civilization
-Romans adopted their alphabet
-Also they adopted some of their architecture, especially the arch
Republic:
-Republic-is a form of government in which the power rests with citizens who have the right to vote for their leaders.
-In Rome, citizenship with voting rights was granted only to free-born adult male landowners
Patricians and Plebeians:
-In the early republic, different groups of Romans struggle for power
-Patricians-the wealthy landownders who held most of the power
-Plebeians- the common person, but could still vote. Usually farmers and merchants
-The Patricians inherited their power and social status, and claimed that they had the right to rule due to their ancestory.
-They barred the Plebeians from holding high offices in the government
-In time, the leaders of Rome, allowed the Plebeians to form their own assembly and elect their own representative to protect their rights from the Patrician officials, they called this their tribunes.
Roman Government:
Executive Branch:
-two consuls vs. one President
-1 year term vs. 4 year term
Legislative:
Senate:
-high social and economic status
-serve for life
-Advises consuls
Centuriate Assembly:
-Soldiers only
-Chose consuls
-Serve for life
Tribal Assembly:
-Ordinary citizens
-Serve for life
-Makes laws
Judicial Branch:
-8 Judges
-1 year by the Centuriate Assembly
-Two oversee civil and criminal courts(the others govern provinces)
Legal Code:
-Twelve Tables
-This was a list of rules that was the supreme law of the land in Rome
-In america, this is equal to the Constitution
Army:
-Along with their government, the Romans also took great pride in their military as well
-All men who woned land were required to serve in the army
-Some of the high public office positions required 10 years of military service
Legions:
-The Roman soldiers were organized into large military units called legions
-Legions were made up of 5,000 foot soldiers
-A group of cavalry would support each legion
-The military organization and fighting skill of the Roman army were key factors in Rome's rise to greatness
Expansion:
-By fourth century B.C, the Romans dominated central Italy
-They had defeated the Etruscans to the north and the Greek city-states to the south
Treatment:
-Latins on the Tiber became full citizens
-In territory farther from Rome, the conquered people were citizens as well but didn't have voting power
-The remaining people became became "allies" of Rome
Research:
-research Punic wars and Hannibal
-Discuss who fought in the war
-key players
-who won the war
-lasting effects of he wars
-how it affected romands and carthage
Blog:
The Punic War was a series of three wars. The war was between Rome and Carthage. The first war was on the land of Sicily and Africa but was basically a naval war. After the war, Carthage spent their time improving finaces and expanding their colony to Hispania. Rome's time was focused mainly on the Illyrian War. Hannibal is the one who attacked Hispania and started the second Punic War. In the second Punic War, Hannibal crossed the Alps and invaded Italy, defeating the Roman army. The third Punic Rome is described as the siege of Carthage. The Romans ended up winning the Punic War. Some key players in the Punic war were Hannibal, King Pyrrhus, and Sulla. Hannibal and his army won many victories.He defeated the many Roman legions.
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