10/29- 11/2

[7Abi]

M O N D A Y -

*16th Amendment- 

• Put into action in 1913 to pay taxes
• Gave congress power to lay and collect taxes
• Benefited the government

*17th Amendment-

• April 8th, 1913

• Gave Direct Election for Senators.
• Americans did not vote directly the first 125 years of Federal Government (chosen by the state legislature)
• Benefits the people to have the right to vote in their state

Referendum-

• A general vote by the electorate on a single political question that has been referred to them for a direct decision.
• 17th Century in New England, they had the ordinances and different laws were on a list at town hall
• Massachusetts was the very 1st state to hold a statewide legislative referendum in 1778
• Passed in 1904
• Prime Minister David Cameron.
• People are voting for a new law

Mann-Elkins Act-

•  March 4, 1909
•  It extended the 1887 Interstate Commerce Act and set the railroad rates and regulate telecommunications industry. It extended the ICC’s jurisdiction so they had to cover the telephone, telegraph, and radio communications. It was passed by William Taft(27th President)
• Customers receiving trades from monopolies.

Muller vs. Oregon-

• In 1903, Oregon passed a law that limited women to 10 hour work days
• In 1908, a woman working at Muller’s Laundry was required to work more than 10 hours per day
• The Supreme Court heard the case
• Curt Muller was in violation of the law- had to pay $10
• Who it benefited- all workers

 

T U E S D A Y - 

Hepburn Act-

*19th Amendment-

• Forbid the states and the federal government from denying the right to vote to U.S. citizens based on gender (allowed American women to vote)
• June 4, 1919
• American women

Sherman Anti-Trust Act-

• What the act did the sherman antitrust act made it so other companies and business could come in to towns and cities and take over the business that were already there because what they would do is lower their prices and so business that were there couldn't compete with the others low prices
• Passed the act was passed on july 2nd, 1890
• Benefits of it The benefits of this was towns and cities got to keep making money and they didn't lose business and didn't lose their business to others and also didn't lose money

 

Federal Farm Loan Act-

• Was passed in 1916 by Woodrow Wilson
• Created the Farm Credit System to provide farmers and ranchers with long-term loans
• Permits member banks to make loans secured by mortgages
• One of the most important measures enacted by congress

 

W E D N E S D A Y -

Pure Food and Drug Act- 

• Passed on June 3, 1906
• The Act prevented the making, selling, and moving of foods, drugs, liquors, and medicines
• It was passed to stop everyone from getting poisoned by additives, misbranded, or harmful foods
• It largely affected meat packing companies
• Caused the creation of the FDA, prescription slips, and warning labels

Initiative-

• A process that allows citizens to propose amendments and statutes, usually by collecting signatures on a petition

• First state to have initiative was South Dakota in 1898

• Since then, 24 other states have adopted initiative, the most recent is Mississippi in 1992

• The people of the state benefit from initiative because it gives them the ability to change policy and laws if they feel necessary

Meat Inspection Act-

• What it did- an American law that makes it a crime to adulterated or misbranded meat and meat products being sold as food.
• Passed - 1906 (Federal Meat Inspection Act)
• Who it benefited- The people. Better quality food.

Federal Trade Commission Act-

• It outlaws unfair methods of competition and outlaws unfair acts of practice that affect commerce

• September 26th 1914
• Benefited- Small Business and consumers

Federal Reserve Act-

• Allowed the 12 Federal Reserve Banks to print money (ensured economic stability)
• 12 federal banks throughout the country
• The “Bank’s Bank"
• Lent money to failing banks
• Helped stabilize the country economically during times of crises (when everyone rushed to get their money from banks)
• Helped make sure the banks didn’t run out of money
• Ultimately prevented banks from shutting down with people losing all their money
• Passed 1913
• Benefited everyone - protected the people's money and the bankers holding it.

Adamson Act-

• In August of 1916, nearly 400,000 railway workers were to strike out if an eight hour day was not implemented soon.
• Congress passed the Adamson Act on September 2, 1916. President Woodrow Wilson signed the law the next day.
• The law prevented a major railroad strike that would have crippled the economy and war time production.
• It established an 8 hour workday for railroad workers in private companies as well as paying extra for overtime work.
• The Adamson Act was the first federal law that standardized private-sector work hours.

Underwood Tarriff-

• Re-imposed the
• Who did it benefit? Benefited consumers and business
• Federal Farm Loan Act-

T H U R S D A Y -

Hepburn Act-

• The act was passed in June 29, 1906
• The Hepburn Act allowed the ICC to regulate prices and fees on railroads were as before the railroad owners would apply their own prices based on what they wanted
• Fought against rebates which gave special deals to big suppliers like steel and oil providers
• It helped farmers and people in urban areas were demand for railroad transportation was high

Keatings Owen Act-

• Stopped the sale of goods from state to state that were produced in factories by children under the age of 14.
• Also stopped the sale in mines that employed children under the age of sixteen.
• Any Facility that had children under 14 working before 6 am or more than 8 hours per day 
• December 1918
• Benefitted Children working because they wouldn’t have to work as long or work at all depending on the workplace  

 

Direct primary- 

• Voters would vote for a canidate to run for their party in a public election
• Established in 1901- 1905

Newlands Reclamation Act-

• Reclamation Act irrigated the west through series of waterways and dams
• It is considered second in importance next to the Homestead Act of 1862
• The Homestead Act allows farmers to get land, but compared to The Reclamation it allowed access to irrigation
• Irrigation was the only thing cultivating the land
• Made in June on the 17th of the month in 1902
• Sixteen states were included in the original bill:
• Nebraska
• Nevada
• New Mexico
• Kansas

Clayton Anti-Trust Act-

• Amendment passed in 1914
• Clarified The Sherman Anittrust Act
• Outlawed Monopolisitc Buisnesses 
• Benefitted average americans 

Progressive Movement- 

• It was between 1890s and 1920s
• Made the society better
• Workers, women, voters, kids, businesses, and most people

Recall-

• Allowed people to have a direct vote to remove the elected official from office before there term was over and 25% of voters must sign a petition
• First time it happened was in 1898 in South Dakota and 24 other states have included it the most recent Mississippi in 1992
• It benefited the people as they could chose to remove an official from office

The Jungle-

Protecting Social Welfare- 

• Progressives pushed for social welfare
• Set up settlement houses for the poor( would give them job training skills etc.)
• Progressives pushed for libraries (Carneige)
• Sponser education classes
• Opened swimming pools
• Soup kitchens
• Slum Brigades- teach immigrants; english, math skills, etc. 

F R I D A Y- No school