10/19/12

[4thJoey]

• Indian Empire:
  Great Indian mathematical named Aryabhata created Pi to 4 places and calculated a solar year 365.3586805 days
  Had on of the most mathematical advanced in the world
• Astronomy:
  Gupta made great advancements but had lack of modern devices such as telescopes 
  First to discover that we had 7 planets in our solar system
• Medicine:
  Indian developed the technique of inoculation(injecting a person with a small dose of a virus to help their immune system)
• Literature:
  Writing was developed in Madurai in 100 AD
  Classical Indian dances based on dance techniques from this time
  Written in Sanskrit
  Aryan language
• Performing Arts:
  Indian arts were religious 
  Work still admired today
  Vedas were recited and performed for concerts
• Aryabhata:
  1st in mathematics-astronomy
  famous work was Aryabhatiya
  created Alg
  
• Kalidasu:
  Poet and author
  
  
  
• Hinduism vs Buddhism:
• Buddhism:
  Art of Asia
  Spread from India to all corners of Asia
  Stupa- mound like structure used by Buddhist as for a place for meditation, often performed in Mandala
• Hindusim:
  Hindu gods were common in Hindu art
  Art of India 
  Art was used to invoke spirituality
• Contrast:
  Subject matter was the only difference between the art
  Beliefs had little influence on the Indian artistic styles
• Compare:
  Same artists created both Hindu and Buddhist art
  Both religious traditions sacred art often takes place in a Mandala (circle) formation 
  
  
  
• Military Conquests:
• Mauryan Empire:
  he gathered an army killed the unpopular Nanda king and in about 321 BC claimed the thorn 
  Expansion: After he took the Nanda dynasty he started rapidly moving westward across central and western India. 
  After Alexander died Maurya started taking the land that Alexander had conquered from the satraps left by Alexander
  By 316 BC the empire had filly occupied Northwestern India
  At its greatest point it had stretched to the north along the natural boundaries of the Himalayas and into the east
  To the west it stretched to present day Pakistan and parts of Afghanistan
  The Mauryan Empire was the biggest to rule the Indian subcontinent until the British arrived
  Ended in 185 BC 
  
  
  
• Hindusim:
• Gods:
• Brahma(created the world) Vishnu(preserver) and Shiva(tries to destroy the world and recreate it):
  3 gods of the Hindu trimvirate
• Hinduism is the 3rd largest realigion
• Has no founder but based of many different traditions
• believed in Karma and reincarnation
• Has about 1 billion followers 
• one of the oldest religions
• Aims of life:
  Righteousness, wealth, desire, and salvation(Ultimate goal)
• Goes along with the law of conservation of energy:
  Energy can never be created or destroyed
  Only one form can be changed into anothe