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Week of Dec 5-9

Posted by 1Kara on December 5, 2016 at 11:27am

Monday: went over test and took notes

Chapter 10 Key Topics  

  • Describe US Foreign Policy in the late 1800's and early 1900's and be able to give examples
    • Old Diplomacy vs New Diplomacy 
    • War with Spain
    • Building an empire
    • Big Stick Diplomacy
    • Roosevelt Corollary to the Monroe Doctrine
    • Dollar Diplomacy
    • Missionary Diplomacy 
    • Open Door Policy
  1. Imperialism
    1. Stronger countries taking over weaker areas of land/countries 
  2. Diplomacy
    1. How we officially deal with other countries 
    2. International relations
  3. Militarism
    1. Process of building up your military power
  4. Nationalism
    1. Strong pride in your country (patriotism) 
  5. Sphere of Influence
    1. A country where another country has power to affect developments even though it has no formal authority
  6. Protectorate
    1. Weaker country protected by a bigger/stronger country 
  7. Arbitration
    1. A settlement of a dispute by a neutral third party 

Old vs New Diplomacy 

  1. Old Diplomacy (around 1900)
    1. Started policy of isolationism 
    2. Non interventionist
      1. The US did not intervene in foreign affairs, especially Europe's 
    3. Isolationist
      1. The US acted alone in foreign affairs as compared to working with other nations
    4. Passive and Reactive 
      1. The US waited for events to occur and then acted accordingly 
    5. Weak army and navy 
  2. New Diplomacy
    1. Imperialistic 
      1. Going out and conquering territory to create an empire 
    2. Stronger army and navy
    3. Interventionist
      1. Especially in Central and South America 
      2. Becoming more involved in other countries affairs 
      3. Monroe Doctrine
        1. Latin American countries were getting their independence from European countries
        2. Warning to Europe by US to stay out of western hemisphere
    4. Strong Nationalism
      1. Having strong pride and confidence in one's country

Tuesday: notes

  1. Imperialism and America
    1. Imperialism became very common with the major powers of the world
    2. Most powerful countries in 1900
      1. Great Britain
      2. Germany
      3. France
      4. Austria-Hungary
      5. Italy
      6. Russia
      7. United States
      8. Ottoman Empire (Turkey)
      9. Japan 
    3. Why did the US and other countries look to imperialism?
      1. The western frontier was settled (1890)
      2. Brings military power and prestige to our country
      3. Naval bases and refueling stations
      4. Money for natural resources as well as opening new markets to sell your goods (trade)
      5. Belief in cultural superiority-White Man's Burden 
        1. McKinley: "to take them all and to educate the Filipinos and uplift and civilize and Christianize them." 
        2. Taft:  We must help "our little brown brothers" on the Philippines 
  2. The Spanish American War
    1. By 1900, Spain was a dwindling empire
      1. Philippines, Guam, Cuba, Puerto Rico, and a few colonies in Africa
      2. Lost all of these to the US
    2. The US had been interested in Cuba for a long time
      1. US tried to buy Cuba in 1854 
    3. Cubans had been revolting against Spain frequently wanting independence (1868, 1878, 1886, 1895) 
    4. Many felt sorry for the Cuban people 
    5. Causes of Spanish-American War 1898
      1. The USS Maine sinking 
        1. Main reason we went to war with Spain
      2. The Yellow Press
        1. The newspapers 
        2. Printed all the stories about Spain
        3. Instigators of the war 
        4. William Randolph Hearst 
        5. Joseph Pulitzer 
      3. Butcher Weyler and his treatment of Cubans in concentration camps
        1. Relocates Cubans into concentration camps 
        2. Americans thought he was killing Cubans in the concentration camps 
      4. The De Lome Letter 
        1. Called McKinley weak and a coward
        2. Another big reason we went to war with Spain
        3. Enrique Dupuy De Lome
          1. Spanish embassador to US
      5. Jose Marti's destruction of US property in Cuba-making it look as though Spain did it
        1. Was a human nationalist 
        2. Was the guy that realized that Cuba needed the US
      6. To help the Cubans get independence 

Wednesday: notes

  1. Declaration of War and the Teller Amendment
    1. On April 25, 1898 the US declared war on Spain
    2. Imperialists vs anti-imperialists 
    3. Teller Amendment was added to the declaration of war against Spain
      1. Guaranteed Cuban independence after the war was over
  2. Fronts in the Spanish-American War
    1. Philippines
    2. Cuba
    3. Puerto Rico 
  3. Rough Riders
    1. Teddy Roosevelt 
      1. Volunteers to lead the rough riders
    2. Were a bunch of tough and rough guys that fought the Spanish 
  4. John Hay
    1. "A splendid little war"
    2. Spanish-American War was splendid
  5. Treaty of Paris (1898)
    1. Brought an official end to the war
    2. Spain gave Cuba independence (kind of)
    3. US got control of the Philippines ($20 million), Guam and Puerto Rico
  6. Acquiring New Lands
    1. Puerto Rico
      1. Puerto Ricans were granted US citizenship in 1917
      2. In plebiscites held in 1967, 1993, and 1998, voters chose to retain commonwealth status
      3. In 2012, the majority of Puerto Ricans voted to become a state
    2. Cuba
      1. In 1902, the US granted Cuba its independence as promised with the Teller Amendment
      2. The US retained the right to intervene to preserve Cuban independence and stability with the Platt Amendment
      3. The US got control of Guantanamo Bay as well, a naval base we still have control of today
      4. In 1934, the Platt Amendment was repealed 
    3. The Philippines
      1. McKinley didn't know what to do with The Philippines 
      2. Would allow us to be a major player in Asian affairs 
      3. Emilio Aguinaldo declared Philippine independence from Spain on June 12, 1898
      4. After the Spanish-American War, the US took over the islands for $20 million 
      5. The Philippine-American War broke out after the Filipinos realized that the US would not give them independence
      6. It ended with American control over the islands
    4. China
      1. By the late 1800's it was looking as if China would be carved up like Africa had been
      2. China wanted to prevent this from happening 
      3. The Boxer Rebellion
        1. Rebelled against the European powers in China
        2. European powers won
        3. Was a great excuse for European powers to take over
      4. Open Door Policy
        1. Guarantee China independence
        2. Let all countries trade with China

Thursday: notes

  1. The Roosevelt Corollary
    1. It was an addition to the Monroe Doctrine
    2. Said that the US would be the police officer between Latin America and Europe
  2. Big Stick Diplomacy ("Speak Softly and Carry a Big Stick")
    1. What does this mean?
      1. The big stick represents military power
  3. Dollar Diplomacy--President Taft 
    1. Economic imperialism
    2. US banks were in control of many businesses in Latin America
    3. US said it was needed to keep European powers out of Latin America
    4. "Substituting dollars for bullets" 
      1. Instead of taking countries over we invest money and take over their businesses
  4. President Woodrow Wilson
    1. Wilson's ethical and religious beliefs also influenced his foreign policy
    2. Practiced "missionary diplomacy"
      1. US would not recognize any government that was oppressive, undemocratic, and hostile toward the US
      2. If you officially recognize a government you recognize it as the official government of that country 

Friday: work day

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