1. What are the main historic events that took place in 8th Grade US History that helped shape the United States up to 1877?(10 points)-Chapters 1-4
First Native Americans came across the land bridge- following animals (food), landbridge has been submerged since end of ice age. They did not believe land should be owned, NA helped pilgrims to learn how to plant and survive. More Europeans came over killing NA by disease, alcohol, and drove them off their land, trail of tears- when we moved them to Oklahoma to get out of our places and kept taking their land
Columbus and Exploration- (1492-early 1600's) trying to find India, Asia. He wanted to find a faster route for trade of spices, satin and other trades. They wanted to find land that would make them money. Adventure , discovery. Europeans tried to Christianize and civilize. Cortez- everyone thought he was a god and gave him gold and he destroyed Aztecs and other tribes helped.
Revolutionary War- 1775-1783, Britain forced people to take in soldiers , if a crime happened they had to go to Britain and get charged, Taxed unfairly with no representatives in Parliament.
Declaration Ratified - complaints against great Britain, we won and got our freedom. July 1776
US Constitution- 1789 protects our rights and sets up government- executive, legislative, judicial. All the powers broken into the 4 branches. Executive- president, v president. President- commander in chief of the army. Signs and vetoes. Make treaties, appoint people to cabinet. Legislative- Congress- make laws-declare war- approve presidential appointments- agree to treaties, House of Reps.- based on pop. of state. Senate- 2 per state. Judicial Branch- supreme court- final say in laws. get choice in cases. 9 people in court. Members for life or until retire- everyone else in terms . Amendments- first 10 Bill of Rights - 1) religion, speech, press, petition. 2) right to bear arms 3)housing of troops-not relevant today 4-6) search and seizures rights, have to have cause, due process rights - right to tell your side of story, no self incrimination , plead the 5th- don't say anything - cannot be charged with the same crime twice . 6- right to lawyer 8-cruel and unusual punishment 12) opposing parties in presidency would argue 13)slavery 14)blacks us citizens due process rights 15) voting rights for AA ,all post civil war Checks and Balances- to make sure no system is more powerful than the other
Reconstruction- 1865-1877- the period of time when southern states had to be rebuild physically, socially, economically, through the government, brought back to the Union. President and Lincoln and Johnson wanted to be easy of the South- to move on. Southern Democrat Johnson - congress hated . Republican Radical Reconstruction- split South in to 5 military districts controlled by US Army. 13th , 14th, 15th amendment passed. Big time for Blacks. Freedmen s Bureau set up to help former slaves. South was taken over by "carpetbaggers" and "scalawags" the "traitors" of the South who helped carpetbaggers -"carpetbaggers" northerners going south to work on government. - started schools, industrialize, helped ex slaves. Many Northerners went down to steal money and get things out of the South. Left divisions between Northern and Southern States. Traditional rich white racist males took over and North were left. Segregation Laws- separate schools, buses, Jim Crow Laws. AA were more towards Republicans. Then Democrat president came along and passed Civil Rights act in 60's. End of Reconstruction - Compromise of 1877 - unwritten deal between N and S settled heavy US dispute 1876. Tilden(D) won vote- ahead of Hayes(R) with electoral. 4 states were disputed - compromise Hayes becomes president. Troops leave Shout. Reconstruction end and rich whites took over south.
2. How did the US change during the late 1800's and early 1900's?(10 points)-Chapters 5-8
The great plains drew people to go out West, there were many resources and it was unsettled. A lot of farmers needed land, so they were drawn out West for new lands and new starts. Railroads were also on the rise, making it easier to get out of the East. The gold rush in California is also a factor in the choice to go out West. While on the way, many Americans encountered Native Americans and the relationship between them was not good. Factories started becoming a vital place for many people to work, especially immigrants. In factories many inventions were being made and it made work easier than by doing everything by hand. African Americans were still not treated well, and were segregated from the whites. Instead of people living on their own farms many people were also coming into cities. While it was convenient to live in cities, they were very gross and unsanitary.
3. What impact did the Progressives have on the United States?(10 points)-Ch. 9
This progressive era was a time of change in the United States. We helped common US citizens instead of just doing things to benefit the rich. Progressives were big on benefiting work conditions. They gave people more knowledge on Labor Boards, set up the 8 hour work day, workmens compensation, and more benefits for workers. Progressives wanted to ban extreme child labor, and wanted workers to have a safe, clean place to work. With that, the Food and Drug Act and Meat Inspection Acts were put in place in factories. The Clayton and Sherman Antitrust Acts made big monopolies illegal, so that smaller businesses actually had a chance for once. Progressives had four important amendments passed. The first was the 16th, it created income tax.The 17th let people elect their senators. The18th was the prohibition of alcohol. It banned the manufacture and sale of alcoholic beverages. The 19th amendment simply gave women the right to vote. the Progressives brought many changes to the US. They benefited the common US citizen, making life better for them.
4. Describe US Foreign Policy in the late 1800's and early 1900's and be able to give examples. Old diplomacy was what the US always was and that was staying out of other countries problems and to be isolationists. New diplomacy started to come around for us and that is where we started to become more involved with other countries and their problems. We created bigger armies and navies. Nationalism came in with many of US citizens taking pride of our country and military.
5. What impact did WW1 have on the US? It made the US very determined to win with the making of products and amount of men that went into the war. People cut back on food for better things to happen in the war. We became a world superpower after the war for the first time in history. Propaganda was very big during that time so everyone would do something to help out in the war. After the war the US went back to being isolationists and didn’t bother anyone.
6. What impact did the US have on WW1? The US was like a “breath of fresh air” because our moral was high and the others were exhausted and tired from being in the war already for a couple of years. The US made a big impact on the war because over home in the US our women were making and shipping out products such as ammunition and guns.
7. What positive and negative impact did the 1920’s have on the United States? Positives- cities became electrified with new stores and new music like jazz that really brought life to the city. Credit where you were able to buy everything you needed and then pay for it later. New dances such as the Charleston were popular while jazz was playing. Model-T was the first car to really boom from people buying it.
Negative- The organization of the KKK and prohibition, the Scopes Monkey case where a teacher teaches about evolution when it was made illegal a little earlier. Gangs started forming such as Al Capone killing people trying to get more power. Stock market crash and debt you had to pay for.
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