9/17- 9/21

9/19 Wednesday- 

107 Oklahoma territory and Indian territoty merged together to what is now OK

1887- Dawes Act- homestead act for Native Americans; ended tribal ownership of land, those that agreed to this will be granted US citizenship, gave them 160 acres of land, goal was to "Americanize" Native-Americans and help them get out of poverty

Ended in 1930's under President Roosevelt's Indian Reorganization Act

How did railroads and the homestead act help help settle the great planes?


what challenges did settlers/farmers face on the Great Planes?

  • lonely- not people close, no technology, by yourself
  • bad weather- sand storms, dust storms, blizzards, flash flooding

9/20 Thursday-

  • grasshopper plauge- hit farms hard in the 1870's, became extinct in 1902. formed largest recordd locust swarm 110 miles wide in 1875
  • Hopperdozers-metal sheets with tar/sticky substances(insects would stick to them)
  • Native American Attacks- sporadic, usually involved fairly low number of casualties. Would scalp people
  • Sod houses/dugouts
  • Railroad prices and debt- railroads changed farmers high prices due to lack of competition, money circulation went down-money became more valuable- made it harder for farmers to pay back debt, farmers wanted inflation because it's good for crop prices & would be easier to pay back their debt
  • The Grange- Husbandry; farming....order of patrons and farming, encourages families to work together (organization of farmers designed to help farmers)
  • Granger laws- series of laws passed in several miswestern states; iowa, minnesota, wisconson, illinois in late 1860's-70's, designed to fight back against railroad abuses, wanted railroad and grain elevators to charge fair prices...opened door for first federal to be passed
  • Interstate Commerce Act- allowed US government to supervise the railroads, "fair and just" with your rates
  • Omaha Platform- help farmers out of debt, peoples party (common;not rich), give people a greater voice in government, increase money in circulation, graduated income tax, 

How did settlers/farmers help solve some of these problems?

 

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